Astronaut

Astronaut

Becoming an astronaut is a dream that starts in childhood. The allure of space, exploration, and discovery captivates many. But what’s behind the scenes? What does it really take to become an astronaut, and what do they do on a daily basis?

Requirements

NASA is not looking for just anyone. Astronaut candidates must have a degree in engineering, biological science, physical science, computer science, or mathematics. A master’s degree is preferred. Candidates must also have at least three years of related professional experience or 1,000 hours of pilot-in-command time in jet aircraft.

Physical fitness is important. Candidates undergo rigorous physical tests. They must pass the NASA long-duration spaceflight physical. Good eyesight is essential. Blood pressure must be 140/90 or below. Height must be between 62 and 75 inches.

Training

Once selected, candidates go through intense training. This training lasts about two years. They learn about the International Space Station (ISS). They train in simulators. They practice spacewalks in a gigantic swimming pool called the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory. They also undergo survival training for emergency landings on water and in remote areas.

Language skills are also important. Russian language training is mandatory. This is because the ISS operates with both American and Russian astronauts, so communication is key.

Daily Life in Space

On the ISS, astronauts follow a strict schedule. Their day starts with a planning conference. They discuss their tasks for the day. Tasks include conducting experiments, maintenance of the station, and exercise. Exercise is crucial to counteract the effects of zero gravity on the body. Without it, muscles and bones would weaken.

Meals on the ISS are pre-packaged. They eat three times a day. Nutrition is monitored closely. Astronauts eat foods rich in nutrients to stay healthy. After work, they can relax. They watch movies, read books, call their families, and even have internet access.

Spacewalks

Spacewalks are one of the most thrilling parts of being an astronaut. They are also vital for maintaining the ISS. During a spacewalk, astronauts wear a suit that’s essentially a personal spaceship. They leave the station and drift in space, tethered by a lifeline. They might repair equipment, install new instruments, or conduct experiments outside the station.

Scientific Research

A large part of an astronaut’s job is scientific research. They conduct experiments that can’t be done on Earth. These include studies on the effects of microgravity on various biological processes. They also study materials science, fluid physics, and combustion. This research helps understand how spaceflight affects humans and could provide benefits for life on Earth.

Challenges

Living in space comes with challenges. The isolation and confinement can be tough. Astronauts are away from their families for months. They deal with limited resources. They have to be problem-solvers and have excellent teamwork skills.

Space also poses physical challenges. Microgravity affects the body in many ways. Astronauts experience muscle loss and bone density reduction. They might suffer from eyesight issues. Studies are ongoing to understand and mitigate these effects.

Career Prospects

The career of an astronaut is not limited to space missions. Many astronauts go on to work in other capacities within NASA or other space agencies. They might engage in public speaking or work in academic positions. Some even enter politics. Their unique experience and knowledge make them valuable in various fields.

The Future

The role of astronauts is evolving. With missions planned to the Moon and Mars, the training and expertise required will change. Long-duration space missions will require new strategies for mental and physical health. Moreover, private companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin are entering the scene, expanding opportunities for aspiring astronauts.

Inspiration

Ultimately, astronauts inspire people around the world. They symbolize curiosity, courage, and the human spirit of exploration. Their work pushes the boundaries of what is possible. They ignite a spark in the younger generation to dream big and strive for the stars.